请教一个 Python 中字段切割问题

6898,"RAAF Williams, Laverton Base","Laverton","Australia",\N,"YLVT",-37.86360168457031,144.74600219726562,18,10,"O","Australia/Hobart","airport","OurAirports"

希望能分离成如下形式

6898

RAAF Williams, Laverton Base

Laverton

Australia

直接使用 Python 中的 split 方法会将"RAAF Williams"与"Laverton Base"分离开，请问有什么办法可以避免

27 条回复 • 2020-02-14 13:19:16 +08:00

qwjhb

2020-02-11 23:15:20 +08:00

exec('a=[6898,"RAAF Williams, Laverton Base","Laverton","Australia","YLVT",-37.86360168457031,144.74600219726562,18,10,"O","Australia/Hobart","airport","OurAirports"]')

retanoj

2020-02-11 23:23:41 +08:00 via iPhone

好方法，命令执行 /代码执行严重漏洞都你这么写出来的

retanoj

2020-02-11 23:25:21 +08:00

@qwjhb

wuwukai007

2020-02-11 23:27:34 +08:00 via Android

正则表达式，如果单词是有引号的话

huyinjie

2020-02-11 23:35:59 +08:00

@wuwukai007 #4 看来只能用 ^(\d+),(.+),(.+),(.+),(.+),(.+),(.+),(.+),(.+),(.+),(.+),(.+),(.+)$ 这种来分离了

retanoj

2020-02-11 23:39:20 +08:00

这样行不行
!(img)[https://carbon.now.sh/?bg=rgba(171%252C184%252C195%252C0)&t=a11y-dark&wt=none&l=python&ds=false&dsyoff=20px&dsblur=68px&wc=true&wa=true&pv=0px&ph=0px&ln=false&fl=1&fm=Hack&fs=14px&lh=142%2525&si=false&es=2x&wm=false&code=%25253E%25253E%25253E%252520s%25250A'6898%25252C%252522RAAF%252520Williams%25252C%252520Laverton%252520Base%252522%25252C%252522Laverton%252522%25252C%252522Australia%252522%25252C%25255C%25255CN%25252C%252522YLVT%252522%25252C-37.86360168457031%25252C144.74600219726562%25252C18%25252C10%25252C%252522O%252522%25252C%252522Australia%25252FHobart%252522%25252C%252522airport%252522%25252C%252522OurAirports%252522%25255Cn'%25250A%25253E%25253E%25253E%252520import%252520csv%25250A%25253E%25253E%25253E%252520list(csv.reader(%25255Bs%25255D))%25250A%25255B%25255B'6898'%25252C%252520'RAAF%252520Williams%25252C%252520Laverton%252520Base'%25252C%252520'Laverton'%25252C%252520'Australia'%25252C%252520'%25255C%25255CN'%25252C%252520'YLVT'%25252C%252520'-37.86360168457031'%25252C%252520'144.74600219726562'%25252C%252520'18'%25252C%252520'10'%25252C%252520'O'%25252C%252520'Australia%25252FHobart'%25252C%252520'airport'%25252C%252520'OurAirports'%25255D%25255D]

retanoj

2020-02-11 23:41:26 +08:00

不好意思，贴乱了
试试这个
import csv
>>> list(csv.reader([your_string]))

yuanhego

2020-02-11 23:52:02 +08:00

这个可以解决你的问题：
https://community.simplilearn.com/threads/how-to-split-a-string-at-commas-but-ignore-commas-inside-double-quotes-%E2%80%9C-%E2%80%9D.25273/

noreply69

2020-02-11 23:56:00 +08:00

import csv
s = '6898,"RAAF Williams, Laverton Base","Laverton","Australia",\\N,"YLVT",-37.86360168457031,144.74600219726562,18,10,"O","Australia/Hobart","airport","OurAirports"'
splitted = list(csv.reader([s], delimiter=',', quotechar='"'))[0]
print(splitted)

noreply69

2020-02-11 23:56:32 +08:00

```
import csv

s = '6898,"RAAF Williams, Laverton Base","Laverton","Australia",\\N,"YLVT",-37.86360168457031,144.74600219726562,18,10,"O","Australia/Hobart","airport","OurAirports"'

splitted = list(csv.reader([s], delimiter=',', quotechar='"'))[0]

print(splitted)
```

qwjhb

2020-02-12 00:02:24 +08:00

@retanoj 能不能用？脚本处理现成格式化文本怕人插命令进来？干脆删了 exec 好了

Akkuman

2020-02-12 00:13:53 +08:00 via Android

ast.literal_eval('[6898,"RAAF Williams, Laverton Base","Laverton","Australia","YLVT",-37.86360168457031,144.74600219726562,18,10,"O","Australia/Hobart","airport","OurAirports"]')

huyinjie

2020-02-12 00:20:54 +08:00

@noreply69 #9
@retanoj #7

感谢这两段代码都能解决

huyinjie

2020-02-12 00:24:56 +08:00

@Akkuman #12
@qwjhb #11
因为是从文本文件一行一行读取你们括号里的部分相当于已经成功分离了==

Akkuman

2020-02-12 00:38:16 +08:00 via Android

@huyinjie 不是成功分离，只是前后拼接了方括号

retanoj

2020-02-12 08:18:02 +08:00 via iPhone

@qwjhb
是的，能用能用。
你知道的，一句“能不能用？”已经能说明很多问题了。

levelworm

2020-02-12 08:43:21 +08:00

当中那个\N 能去掉吗？不去掉的话好像报错？

noqwerty

2020-02-12 10:17:17 +08:00 via Android

直接整个 csv 文件也可以读进来的

smallpython

2020-02-12 10:25:05 +08:00

s = your_str
shuangyinhao_count = 0
result = []
temp = ''

for i in s:
if i == '"':
shuangyinhao_count += 1
elif i == ',':
if shuangyinhao_count == 1: # 当双引号数量为 1 时,继续添加字符而不做处理
temp += i
else:
result.append(temp)
temp = ''
else:
temp += i

if shuangyinhao_count == 2:
shuangyinhao_count = 0

result.append(temp)

print(result)

araraloren

2020-02-12 11:05:17 +08:00

正则分隔
import re

str = '6898,"RAAF Williams, Laverton Base","Laverton","Australia",\\N,"YLVT",-37.86360168457031,144.74600219726562,18,10,"O","Australia/Hobart","airport","OurAirports"'
pattern = re.compile(r'\"[^\"]+\"\,|[^\"\,]+\,');
print(pattern.findall(str))

chenstack

2020-02-12 12:53:31 +08:00

@qwjhb @retanoj 安全地解析字符串成 Python 对象可以用 ast.literal_eval，遇到运算符会抛出异常

import ast
ast.literal_eval('6898,"RAAF Williams, Laverton Base","Laverton","Australia","N","YLVT",-37.86360168457031,144.74600219726562,18,10,"O","Australia/Hobart","airport","OurAirports"')
(6898, 'RAAF Williams, Laverton Base', 'Laverton', 'Australia', 'YLVT', -37.86360168457031, 144.74600219726562, 18, 10, 'O', 'Australia/Hobart', 'airport', 'OurAirports')

huyinjie

2020-02-12 15:04:56 +08:00

@Akkuman #15 感谢可以使用

huyinjie

2020-02-12 15:48:21 +08:00

@smallpython #19 感谢这种相当于 C 语言中 getchar 最初想到这个方法就是感觉麻烦些

huyinjie

2020-02-12 15:56:31 +08:00

@chenstack #21
N 两边没有双引号 ast.literal_eval 无法解析

huyinjie

2020-02-12 18:41:13 +08:00

@levelworm #17 是的不去掉会报错可以使用 replace 成"\N"的方法曲线解决==

levelworm

2020-02-13 02:33:26 +08:00

@huyinjie 多谢，这样要不写个简单的 parser 吧？虽然我觉得上面的一些解法更简单。

larsenlouis

2020-02-14 13:19:16 +08:00

pandas 用条件扩充字段